Nuclear Energy and Applications
Physics ⇒ Modern Physics
Nuclear Energy and Applications starts at 12 and continues till grade 12.
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A nuclear reaction releases 200 MeV per fission event. How much energy is released by 1 mole of uranium-235 atoms? (1 eV = 1.6 × 10-19 J, Avogadro's number = 6.02 × 1023)
A radioactive sample has a half-life of 2 hours. If you start with 40 mg, how much remains after 6 hours?
A sample contains 16 g of a radioactive isotope. After 3 half-lives, how much of the original isotope remains?
Calculate the energy released when 0.001 kg of mass is converted entirely into energy. (Use c = 3.0 × 108 m/s)
Define the term 'critical mass' in the context of nuclear fission.
Describe one medical application of nuclear energy.
Describe the chain reaction in nuclear fission.
Describe the function of shielding in a nuclear reactor.
Explain the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
Explain the role of a coolant in a nuclear reactor.
Explain why nuclear fusion is difficult to achieve on Earth.
Explain why nuclear power plants are often located near large bodies of water.
Explain why spent nuclear fuel is considered hazardous.
State one advantage and one disadvantage of using nuclear energy for electricity generation.
The half-life of a radioactive isotope is 5 years. If you start with 80 g, how much will remain after 15 years?
A nuclear power plant uses uranium-235 as fuel. If each fission event releases 3 neutrons on average, explain why not all of these neutrons contribute to sustaining the chain reaction.
A nuclear reactor is operating at a steady power output. If the reactor's thermal efficiency is 33% and it produces 900 MW of electrical power, calculate the rate at which nuclear energy is being released in the reactor core. (Give your answer in MW.)
A sample of a radioactive isotope decays to one-eighth of its original activity in 24 days. What is the half-life of the isotope?
Calculate the mass defect (in atomic mass units, u) for a helium-4 nucleus, given that the mass of a proton is 1.007825 u, the mass of a neutron is 1.008665 u, and the mass of a helium-4 nucleus is 4.002603 u.
Describe two major challenges associated with the disposal of high-level nuclear waste.
