Temperature and Thermometers
Physics ⇒ Heat and Thermodynamics
Temperature and Thermometers starts at 7 and continues till grade 12.
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A laboratory experiment requires a temperature of 350 K. What is this temperature in Celsius?
A thermocouple produces a voltage of 2 mV when the temperature difference between its junctions is 50°C. What is the sensitivity of the thermocouple in mV/°C?
Convert 25°C to Kelvin.
Convert 98.6°F (normal human body temperature) to Celsius. (Use the formula: °C = (°F - 32) × 5/9)
Describe how a thermocouple thermometer works.
Describe the process of calibrating a thermometer.
Explain the difference between temperature and heat.
Explain why the Celsius and Kelvin scales have the same size of degree.
Explain why the Kelvin scale is called an absolute scale of temperature.
If a thermometer reads 212°F, what is the temperature in Kelvin? (Use: K = (°F - 32) × 5/9 + 273.15)
If the temperature of a body increases from 20°C to 50°C, by how much does it increase in Kelvin?
State the physical principle on which a gas thermometer works.
Which property of alcohol makes it suitable for use in thermometers for low temperatures?
A certain thermometer uses the change in pressure of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume to measure temperature. What is the mathematical relationship between the pressure and the absolute temperature in this case?
A platinum resistance thermometer has a resistance of 100 Ω at 0°C and 139 Ω at 100°C. Assuming the resistance varies linearly with temperature, what is the temperature when the resistance is 115 Ω?
A scientist is using a gas thermometer to measure the temperature of a substance. The pressure of the gas at 0°C is 80 kPa, and at the temperature of the substance, it is 120 kPa. What is the temperature of the substance in Celsius? (Assume ideal gas behavior.)
A thermocouple is calibrated such that it produces 40 μV per degree Celsius temperature difference between its junctions. If the cold junction is kept at 0°C and the output voltage is measured to be 1.2 mV, what is the temperature at the hot junction?
Describe the main sources of error in liquid-in-glass thermometers and how they can be minimized in precise laboratory measurements.
Explain why the gas thermometer is considered the most accurate standard for temperature measurement, especially at very low and very high temperatures.
Explain why the triple point of water is used as a fundamental fixed point in the definition of the Kelvin scale, rather than the melting or boiling point of water.
