Carbonyl Compounds and their Reactions
Chemistry ⇒ Carbon and Organic Chemistry
Carbonyl Compounds and their Reactions starts at 10 and continues till grade 12.
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Describe one chemical test to distinguish between an aldehyde and a ketone.
Explain why aldehydes are more reactive than ketones towards nucleophilic addition reactions.
Explain why ketones do not give a positive Fehling's test.
Name the functional group present in ketones.
State the difference in the structure of an aldehyde and a ketone.
What is the product when an aldehyde reacts with hydrogen cyanide (HCN)?
What is the product when ethanal is oxidized?
What is the product when propanone reacts with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst?
Write the IUPAC name for the compound with the formula CH₃COCH₂CH₃.
Write the IUPAC name for the compound with the formula HCHO.
Write the structural formula for butanone.
Write the structural formula of propanone.
A student adds sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3) to a solution of an unknown carbonyl compound and observes the formation of a white crystalline solid. What does this indicate about the type of carbonyl compound present?
Arrange the following carbonyl compounds in increasing order of boiling point:
(1) Methanal
(2) Propanone
(3) Ethanal
Explain why the carbonyl group in aldehydes and ketones is considered polar.
When a carbonyl compound reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, a yellow or orange precipitate is formed. Explain the significance of this observation in identifying carbonyl compounds.
A solution of an unknown carbonyl compound is treated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and a yellow precipitate forms. The compound is then tested with Fehling's solution, but no color change is observed. What type of compound is present?
A student is given two colorless liquids, one is propanal and the other is propanone. Describe a chemical test that can be used to distinguish between them and explain the expected observations.
Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing reactivity towards nucleophilic addition: acetone, formaldehyde, benzaldehyde.
Explain why the boiling points of ketones are generally higher than those of alkanes of similar molecular mass, but lower than those of alcohols.
