Substance Abuse
Biology ⇒ Human Biology
Substance Abuse starts at 8 and continues till grade 12.
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See sample questions for grade 11
A 17-year-old student starts using prescription painkillers without a doctor's advice to cope with stress. What type of substance abuse is this?
Describe how substance abuse can impact family dynamics.
Describe the concept of 'gateway drugs' and give an example.
Describe two social consequences of substance abuse.
Explain how substance abuse can affect the nervous system.
Explain the difference between drug tolerance and drug dependence.
Explain the term 'polydrug use' and its risks.
Explain why adolescents are at higher risk for substance abuse.
List two physical health problems caused by long-term alcohol abuse.
List two psychological effects of stimulant abuse.
A research study finds that individuals exposed to high levels of stress during adolescence are more likely to develop substance use disorders later in life. Suggest a biological explanation for this observation.
Describe the mechanism by which repeated exposure to addictive substances alters synaptic transmission in the brain's reward pathway.
Discuss the role of the prefrontal cortex in decision-making and impulse control, and explain how substance abuse can impair these functions.
Explain how the concept of 'drug half-life' influences the frequency and severity of withdrawal symptoms in substance abuse.
A 20-year-old individual has been using a certain drug for several months. They report needing to take larger amounts to feel the same effects and experience strong cravings when not using the drug. Explain the biological mechanisms underlying these observations.
A student is prescribed a medication for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but begins to take higher doses than recommended to stay awake and study longer. Discuss the potential risks associated with this pattern of substance use.
Describe how chronic substance abuse can alter the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the potential consequences for stress regulation.
Explain how the blood-brain barrier influences the effects of psychoactive substances and discuss why some drugs can cross this barrier more easily than others.
Explain the difference between physical dependence and psychological dependence in the context of substance abuse, providing an example of each.
