Evolutionary Relationships
Biology ⇒ Evolution and Diversity
Evolutionary Relationships starts at 9 and continues till grade 12.
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See sample questions for grade 9
Context: A phylogenetic tree shows that species A and B share a more recent common ancestor with each other than with species C. What does this mean about their evolutionary relationships?
Context: A scientist finds that two species have very different adult forms but very similar embryos. What does this suggest about their evolutionary relationship?
Context: Scientists compare the DNA of two species and find that 98% of their DNA is identical. What does this suggest about their evolutionary relationship?
Context: Two species of birds have similar beak shapes but live on different continents and are not closely related. What is the most likely explanation for their similar beaks?
Describe how DNA evidence can be used to determine evolutionary relationships.
Describe how embryological evidence can support evolutionary relationships.
Describe the significance of fossil records in understanding evolutionary relationships.
Explain the difference between homologous and analogous structures.
Explain the importance of molecular evidence in determining evolutionary relationships.
Explain why biogeography is important in studying evolutionary relationships.
Explain why the wings of bats and the wings of insects are considered analogous structures.
What is a phylogenetic tree?
Context: A phylogenetic tree shows that species M, N, and O all branch from a single node, but species M and N share a more recent branch before diverging. Which two species are most closely related, and why?
Context: Scientists are studying three species: X, Y, and Z. They find that X and Y share a unique genetic marker that is not present in Z. However, all three species share several other genetic markers. Based on this information, explain what can be inferred about the evolutionary relationships among X, Y, and Z.
Describe how the concept of a molecular clock can be used to estimate the time of divergence between two species.
Explain why convergent evolution can make it difficult to determine evolutionary relationships based solely on physical characteristics.
