Phylogenetic Relationships
Biology ⇒ Biological Classification
Phylogenetic Relationships starts at 10 and continues till grade 12.
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See sample questions for grade 12
A phylogenetic tree shows that species X and Y share a more recent common ancestor with each other than with species Z. What does this imply about their evolutionary relationship?
A scientist is comparing the DNA sequences of four species to construct a phylogenetic tree. Species A and B share 98% similarity, while A and C share 90%, and A and D share 85%. Which species is most closely related to A?
Describe the difference between a rooted and an unrooted phylogenetic tree.
Describe the role of fossil evidence in reconstructing phylogenetic relationships.
Describe the significance of molecular data in modern phylogenetic studies.
Explain the difference between a monophyletic and a polyphyletic group in phylogenetic classification.
Explain the difference between homology and analogy in the context of phylogenetic relationships.
Explain why convergent evolution can complicate phylogenetic analysis.
Explain why horizontal gene transfer can complicate the construction of phylogenetic trees, especially in prokaryotes.
Explain why molecular clocks are useful in phylogenetic studies.
What is the main purpose of an outgroup in phylogenetic analysis?
A phylogenetic tree of flowering plants shows that two species, A and B, share a unique genetic marker not found in any other species in the tree. What does this suggest about their evolutionary relationship?
A researcher is constructing a phylogenetic tree using both mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA sequences from several primate species. Explain why the resulting trees might differ and discuss what this could indicate about the evolutionary history of these species.
Describe how molecular phylogenetics can be used to resolve relationships among species that are morphologically very similar.
Explain the significance of bootstrap values in phylogenetic tree construction and interpretation.
